"English speaking, a hidden political factor of European politics, Europeanization and European integration",

International audienceonly a small minority of citizens in the European Union speak English properly. This is true in most countries although exceptions exist like the Scandinavian countries and the Netherlandsthis "exclusion" from English has consequences for the exercise of politics, not only at the EU level, but also at the national level. It is possible to show that in three countries (Denmark, the Netherlands and France) there exists a coexistence of the sharing of far-right populist opinions and the absence of English skills. More research is needed to illustrate what has remained until now, a hidden situation